What Does a Physiotherapist Do? A Complete Canadian Guide

Physiotherapists (PTs) are regulated health professionals in Canada who assess and treat movement disorders, pain, and physical dysfunction. They work with patients of all ages — from infants with developmental delays to seniors recovering from hip replacements. Understanding what a physiotherapist does, and when to see one, can make a significant difference in your recovery and long-term physical health.

Regulation and Training

Physiotherapists in Canada must complete a Master of Physical Therapy (MPT) degree (the entry-level standard since 2010 in most provinces) and register with their provincial regulatory college. In Ontario, registration is with the College of Physiotherapists of Ontario (CPO). In BC, it is the College of Physical Therapists of BC. The Canadian Alliance of Physiotherapy Regulators (CAPR) coordinates national competency standards. Physiotherapists may hold additional certifications in manual therapy, sports physiotherapy, pelvic floor, or neurological rehabilitation.

Conditions Physiotherapists Treat

Physiotherapists assess and treat musculoskeletal conditions (back and neck pain, sprains, tendinopathies, post-surgical recovery), neurological conditions (stroke rehabilitation, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis), cardiorespiratory conditions, pelvic floor dysfunction, vestibular disorders (dizziness and balance), sports injuries, and chronic pain. They use a combination of manual therapy, therapeutic exercise, education, and modalities such as ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and dry needling (where certified).

Your First Physiotherapy Appointment

An initial physiotherapy session typically lasts 45 to 60 minutes and includes a thorough assessment of your history, movement patterns, strength, flexibility, and any diagnostic imaging you have. Your PT will explain their clinical findings, establish goals with you, and begin treatment in the same session in most cases. Follow-up sessions are usually 30 to 45 minutes. A typical course of treatment for a common musculoskeletal complaint is 4 to 12 sessions, though complex or chronic conditions may require longer.

Find a Physiotherapist on HealIn

HealIn connects you with registered physiotherapists across Canada. Filter by city, specialty (sports, pelvic floor, neuro, post-surgical), virtual availability, and insurance type. Book your initial assessment directly online — no referral required in most provinces.